Abstract: The distance from the reservoir area of pumped storage power station to the gate well is long, and the surge height generated in the gate well is large when the unit abandons the load, and too high gate well will affect the beauty of the gate well and the surrounding buildings. This paper will combine the engineering example and calculate by using one-dimensional water hammer.The calculation and analysis of the migration of gate well to reservoir area and the method of using overflow gate well to reduce the maximum surge height of gate well are analyzed, and it is found that both methods can effectively reduce the maximum surge height of gate well.The former has higher requirements for terrain and geological conditions,while the latter has greater requirements for technology.Compared with the control standard of the water level of the gate well,the descending effect of the overflow gate well scheme is more obvious,and the project investment can be saved.