Abstract: With the proposal of a dual-carbon target, the potential of distributed energy resources（DERs） has been explored. Virtual power plants（VPPs） that effectively aggregate DERs have received attention. VPPs promote the balance between supply and demand through market trading. To further improve the power supply capability, the output deviation of VPPs should be reduced, and the risk control level should be improved. In this study, the characteristics of DERs aggregated in VPPs were analyzed. Then, based on the theories of conditional value-at-risk and cooperative game, a profit distribution method was designed by improving the Shapley value method considering the output deviations and risk control of DERs in VPPs. Finally, a case study was conducted to verify the rationality of the proposed profit distribution strategy. This study also quantitatively analyzed the revenue allocation mechanism of VPPs under different risk levels, output deviations, and contribution scenarios of DERs using the conditional value-at-risk theory. The case study demonstrates that the proposed cooperative trading strategies can improve the revenue of DERs and effectively control their output deviations. It can also suppress the risk of DERs participating in the electricity market, thereby improving the supply capacity of the power system in a win-win situation for all parties.