Optimization Model for Flexible Resource Allocation in Power Systems Considering Spatiotemporal Response Characteristics
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摘要: 随着我国能源结构逐步低碳转型，风、光等新能源的并网比例将不断扩大，为满足未来新能源装机容量规划的同时保证电力系统的安全可靠运行，在电力系统中需要具备相应调节能力的灵活性资源。为此，提出一种计及时空响应特性的多类型灵活性资源配置优化模型。首先，建立基于空间响应特性和时间响应特性的灵活性评价模型，并构造灵活性平均缺额和灵活性覆盖指数的灵活性评价指标，分别用于电力系统灵活性不足节点筛选和各节点的灵活性充裕性分析。然后，分析多类型灵活性资源的调节特性，建立多类型调节能力模型。最后，考虑时间灵活性评价指标约束，构建灵活性资源两阶段配置优化模型，基于灵活性资源与新能源波动特性的多尺度匹配特性，指导各灵活性不足节点的灵活性资源配置，并以IEEE 9节点系统验证了所提灵活性资源配置方法的有效性和适用性。Abstract: As China is gradually transitioning towards a low-carbon energy structure, the proportion of new grid-connected energy sources, such as wind and solar power, continues to increase. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system and meet the capacity planning for future new energy installations, flexible resources are required with corresponding adjustment capabilities in the power system. To this end, this study presents an optimization model for the allocation of multiple types of flexible resources, considering spatiotemporal response characteristics. First, a flexibility assessment model was developed based on the spatial and temporal response characteristics, constructing flexibility evaluation indices such as flexibility average deficit and flexibility coverage index. These indices are used to screen nodes with inadequate flexibility in the power system and analyze the flexibility adequacy at various nodes. Next, the adjustment characteristics of multiple types of flexible resources were analyzed, and a model was established to determine adjustment capabilities. Finally, by considering constraints based on time flexibility evaluation indices, a two-stage optimization model for flexible resource allocation was constructed. This model leverages the multiscale matching characteristics between flexible resources and fluctuation patterns of new energy sources, to guide the allocation of flexible resources to nodes with insufficient flexibility. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed flexible resource allocation method were validated using the IEEE 9-node system.
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