Abstract: Rural integrated energy system can effectively improve energy efficiency and economy while meeting the diversified energy demand of rural users through the coordination and complementarity of various energy sources. Firstly, considering adapting to typical rural scenarios, a three-layer cooperative self-regulation framework for hierarchical cooperative operation optimization of rural integrated energy is proposed. Then, according to the typical equipment of the rural integrated energy system, a combined optimization dispatching model of the three-layer rural integrated energy system, including source, storage and load, and the corresponding optimization dispatching process, are established. In the dispatching model, residual heat of biogas generator unit and air-source heat pump cooperate to provide heating for users in winter. In summer, the residual heat of biogas generator set is recovered, and the rural users are cooled by the combination of lithium bromide refrigerator and air-source heat pump. Finally, an example is given to analyze the multi-layer collaborative optimization method for rural integrated energy system. The results show that the optimization method can improve the economy of rural residents’ energy consumption, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.