Abstract: Data center, as an important carrier of digital infrastructure, has been growing rapidly in the number and scale, which results in increasing system energy consumption and operating costs. The integrated energy system（IES） is a complex system which takes the power system as the core and covers the production, supply and marketing of energy such as electricity, gas, cooling and heat. Its optimized operation can realize comprehensive management and economic dispatch of multiple energy sources. Using IES to replace the original energy supply system is an effective solution to reduce the operating cost of the data center. At present, the typical architecture of IES has not been clearly defined, and there is little research on the optimization operation of IES based on data center. Firstly, this paper introduces the typical physical framework of IES and data center-based IES. Secondly, it analyzes the physical model of the coupled operating equipment and the application of energy hub and its extended model in the system. On this basis, this paper summarizes and sorts out the current status of IES and the optimized operation of IES for data centers, and proposes an operation method based on data centers, including multiple energy input, coupling and output. Finally, this paper looks forward to the key development directions and potential research contents of energy uncertainty and load forecasting, energy dynamic modeling, optimized scheduling strategies, and benefit evaluation in IES based on data center, with a view to provide reference for future related project landing, simulation research and development.