Abstract: For the unstability issue arising from the high ratio of renewable energy sources in power grid under the background of carbon neutralization, the demand features of various scenarios in the power grids for energy storage were introduced. The characteristics and development status of electrochemical energy storage technologies including supercapacitors, alkali-metal-ion capacitors and batteries, flow batteries, other secondary batteries, and hydrogen-based energy were discussed. The challenges and prospects of electrochemical energy storage technologies for large-scale energy storage in power grids were analyzed. Finally, it is figured out that the electrochemical energy storage technologies should be developed in the direction of "high performance, high safety and low cost".