Abstract: With the increasing prominence of global climate change issues, carbon trading has gained widespread attention as an important environmental protection measure. In carbon trading, multi-party pricing mechanisms are widely applied. This paper explores the design of a multi-party pricing mechanism for carbon trading based on blockchain and game theory. By utilizing blockchain technology to record information about carbon trading and employing smart contracts for automated execution and multi-party collaboration, this mechanism enhances the transparency and trustworthiness of carbon trading. The multi-party pricing mechanism based on game theory can identify the optimal pricing strategy to achieve fairness and equity in carbon trading. Additionally, machine learning and data analysis techniques are employed to predict the unit price of carbon trading and future market trends based on historical transaction data, providing traders with more accurate reference recommendations. Furthermore, this paper designs and implements a blockchain and game theory-based carbon trading system, and validates the feasibility of the system, demonstrating the viability of optimal pricing strategies within this framework.