Abstract: As the world’s largest and second largest economies and the two countries with the highest carbon emissions,the United States and China will play an important role in the global response to the climate change. Based on the relevant data from 1990 to 2019,it analyzes the relationship between carbon emissions and economic development in China and the United States by scatter diagrams. It proves that the relationship between CO₂ emissions and gross national income（ GNI） in China and the United States basically conforms to the Kuznets curve. Through the granger Causality Test between carbon emissions and the proportion of electric energy consumption in China and the US by Eviews,it is proved that the proportion of electric energy consumption is the one-way granger cause of carbon emissions.