Abstract: In view of the development needs of green power grid, the characteristics of SF₆ complete substitution technology and partial substitution technology route and related technologies are summarized and compared, and it is pointed out that vacuum interrupting technology is an effective means for green and low-carbon development of power grid. Comparing and analyzing the technical characteristics and research status of multi-break vacuum circuit breakers at this stage, we believe that single-break vacuum circuit breakers have significant advantages in terms of structure and reliability.At present, the commercial single-break vacuum interrupter has been developed to 145 kV/40 kA, and the research status and future development trend of high-voltage and high-current single-break vacuum interrupter indoor and outdoor insulation technology, arc morphological evolution law and opening and closing control, temperature rise characteristics and welding quality stability of vacuum interrupter are reviewed. The results show that the pressure equalization design of the vacuum gap inside the vacuum interrupter and the "saturation" of the insulation of the long vacuum gap are the key factors restricting the increase of the voltage of the interrupter; The preparation of the ablation-resistant contact material and the design of the magnetic field are very important for the formation process of anode spots on the contact surface and the matching of the opening and closing speed of the vacuum circuit breaker; Selecting the contact structure with low loop resistances and optimizing the heat dissipation structure of the vacuum circuit breaker can effectively improve the rated current capacity of the vacuum interrupter; In addition, the influencing factors of vacuum interrupter welding quality and stability are summarized, and it is pointed out that the ceramics metallization and selection of appropriate brazing temperature and solder can significantly improve the welding strength. Finally, it is pointed out that vacuum circuit breakers tend to develop with characteristics of large-capacity, miniaturization, intelligence, low-overvoltage, maintenance-free, specialization and multi-function.