Abstract: Hydrogen energy is a clean, zero-carbon, long-term storage, flexible and efficient secondary energy. Accelerating the development of hydrogen energy industry is a strategic choice to address global climate change, achieve carbon neutrality, ensure national energy security and achieve high-quality economic and social development. In this paper, the characteristics of hydrogen energy are analyzed, and the development of hydrogen preparation in the upstream, storage and transportation in the middle and application in the downstream of the hydrogen energy industry chain is described. Then, the hydrogen industry layout, demonstration projects and national policies of major countries and regions at home and abroad are analyzed and summarized. Finally, the direction and suggestions of hydrogen energy research in China are put forward.