Abstract: The location of radioactive sources is one of the important contents of the safety supervision of radioactive materials. Current positioning solutions based on mobile detectors have many challenges in terms of application conditions, deployment costs, and monitoring timeliness. This paper proposes a radioactive source location method based on the fingerprint location technology, discussed the design scheme of radioactive source fingerprint positioning system based on multi-detectors, established a simulation model based on the environmental radiation monitoring system, designed a radioactive source fingerprint location algorithm based on the WKNN and XGBoost, and carried out experimental simulation. The results show that in the4-vertex detector layout simulation model, there is little difference in positioning accuracy based on the WKNN and XGBoost algorithms. The accuracy of positioning accuracy less than 25 meters is89.1% and 90.18% respectively. The radioactive source positioning method based on the XGBoost algorithm has high real-time performance, and the running time is 7.8% of the WKNN algorithm.