张佳佳, 刘坤秀, 丁超, 钱鸿涛, 杨志义. 核电厂内部火灾人员可靠性分析方法研究[J]. 核科学与工程, 2022, 42(3): 616-624.
引用本文: 张佳佳, 刘坤秀, 丁超, 钱鸿涛, 杨志义. 核电厂内部火灾人员可靠性分析方法研究[J]. 核科学与工程, 2022, 42(3): 616-624.
ZHANG Jiajia, LIU Kunxiu, DING Chao, QIAN Hongtao, YANG Zhiyi. Study on Human Reliability Analysis Methods for the Internal Fire of Nuclear Power Plants[J]. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2022, 42(3): 616-624.
Citation: ZHANG Jiajia, LIU Kunxiu, DING Chao, QIAN Hongtao, YANG Zhiyi. Study on Human Reliability Analysis Methods for the Internal Fire of Nuclear Power Plants[J]. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2022, 42(3): 616-624.

核电厂内部火灾人员可靠性分析方法研究

Study on Human Reliability Analysis Methods for the Internal Fire of Nuclear Power Plants

  • 摘要: 火灾是核电厂面临的重要风险之一。国内核安全许可申请中必须开展内部火灾概率安全分析(PSA)工作,其中人员可靠性分析(HRA)是其中关键的技术要素和技术难点。美国核管会(NRC)专门发布了导则NUREG—1921来指导核电厂开展火灾HRA工作,但国内对NUREG—1921研究尚不深入,工程项目一般沿用内部事件HRA方法和思路。本文研究了NUREG—1921的火灾HRA方法,将我国核电厂火灾响应机制及火灾人员响应特点反映到火灾HRA考虑的绩效形成因子(PSF)中,并与国内常用的标准化人员可靠性分析(SPAR-H)PSF因子进行了对比,优化改进形成了便于工程应用的筛选HRA决策树和主控室内范围(Scoping)HRA决策树。以我国某压水堆核电厂电气厂房电气盘柜间区域发生火灾的HRA为例,采用筛选HRA方法、ScopingHRA方法和SPAR-H方法三种方法进行了对比分析。本研究为国内核电工程项目开展火灾HRA提供了参考。

     

    Abstract: Fire is analytically a significant contributor to nuclear power plant risk. In domestic nuclear safety license applications, internal fire probabilistic safety analysis(PSA) should be developed. The associated human reliability analysis(HRA) is the key technical element with certain difficulty. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC) issued the guide NUREG-1921 specifically, to support NPP conducting a fire HRA. However, the domestic study on NUREG-1921 has not been thorough enough, and internal event HRA method and ideas applied in engineering projects. On the basis of studying the fire HRA methods provided by NUREG-1921, the fire response mechanism and fire human response characteristics of domestic NPPs were introduced into the performance forming factors(PSFs) of the fire HRA, which compared with the SPAR-H PSFs. Through optimization and improvement, a screening HRA decision tree and a scoping HRA decision tree of the main control room have been provided. Comparative analysis of the HRA of a fire in the electrical pannel area of the electrical building of a domestic pressurized water reactor NPP was implicated with the different methods of screening value HRA, scoping HRA and SPAR-H. This study provided references for the implementation of fire HRA in domestic nuclear power projects.

     

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