Abstract: Since the new century,the greenhouse effect is increasingly affect people’s lives severely. In the 2021 NPC ＆ CPPCC,“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” is firstly written in the report on the work of the government. According to the multi-dimension thoughts such as the strategic objectives and achieving methods of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”,carbon neutrality methods and risk analysis of electricity industry and nuclear power development positioning,the author makes judgment and study on the energy developing trend and nuclear energy positioning under “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”. This article affirms the role of nuclear power in the new power system that takes new energy as principle;clarifies the function and position of nuclear power in China’s clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient energy system;provides a reference for the developing plan of the government and energy industry.