Abstract: The current general maintenance plan of the power distribution system is mainly based on periodical overhaul and troubleshooting, and has the problems of poor real-time performance and low accuracy. By comprehensively considering the real-time health status of the distribution system and the importance from multi-source of the distribution equipment, the original maintenance plan is improved and a practical maintenance plan for the power distribution equipment based on the risk level is proposed. Firstly, the real-time health of the equipment is determined based on the state of the equipment's state evaluation index. The index model is used to calculate the equipment's real-time failure rate, and then the importance of the equipment is described in terms of equipment value, environment, personal safety, and user loss. The risk cost and risk level index of the equipment are determined by combining the real-time failure rate and importance index, and a color difference labeling method is used to formulate the differential maintenance plan. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method. The results show that the method can obtain the health status of the distribution equipment in time through real-time status assessment. At the same time, defining the importance of the equipment from the perspective of the entire distribution network security overcomes the disadvantages of only taking into account the risk of the equipment itself, and the color annotation method can be more intuitive. To mark the equipment risk level.