Abstract: In recent years, while the Power Grid Corp vigorously carried out the transformation and construction of distribution network, it further promotes the management of the source and the overall quality management, and improves the guarantee capability of the power grid’s quality and the reliability of the operation. However, there is still a phenomenon that the qualified rate of the equipment is high and the fault of the running equipment is relatively large, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is affected in a certain extent. This paper optimizes and innovating the management mode of distribution network equipment quality inspection and management under the new situation, studies the allocation and construction model of differential test capability, puts forward the hierarchical quality inspection system structure mode, in order to improve the quality supervision ability of the distribution network equipment before entering the net, and ensure the essential safety of the power grid equipment and the stability of the power grid.