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Analysis and Solution of Voltage Overvoltage Problem in Grid Connection of Distributed Photovoltaic System

  • Abstract: Abstract: In this paper, the voltage characteristics of the distributed PV system are analyzed and simulated. A faster solution to the voltage beyond limits strategy is proposed. The scheme is designed to the active power injected into the distribution network by the distributed PV system can be quickly and effectively adjusted, From the root cause solves the voltage over-limit problem of distributed PV system when it is connected to the grid, the proposed scheme is analyzed and verified by simulation. 1. Characteristics of grid connected voltage in distributed PV system 1.1 Characteristics grid connected voltage in single distributed PV system This chapter will take the Low-voltage distribution network as an example, and in the sum of active power consumed by all the loads is less than all the photovoltaic power conditions. Only when a single distributed PV system is incorporated into the distribution network, The characteristics of distribution network voltage are analyzed from various factors, The increase of voltage is also different from the location of access. The increase of the access point voltage is also affected by the load size. 1.2 Characteristics of grid connected voltage in multiple distributed PV system On the basis of section 1.1, It is assumed that multiple distributed PV systems are integrated into the distribution network and have equal access to photovoltaic capacity. Each access point is injected with equal power, With the increasing of the injection power, the line voltage increases according to a certain slope, and the voltage of each access point has different increase. When the injection capacity is large to a certain value, the terminal voltage occurs over the limit. 2. Solutions for voltage beyond limits Central Control and Active Power Integrated Control. Install the central controller on the line, is used for getting the voltage of each access point on the line. According to the specified voltage control target. The active power injected into a distributed photovoltaic system is solved. Programme one: Because the line voltage is gradually increased according to a certain slope, the terminal voltage is the highest, so the voltage at the end of the line can be controlled not to exceed the maximum voltage. According to the specified voltage control scheme and considering the safety margin, control each photovoltaic inverter equivalent to reduce the active power injected into the distribution network, so that the voltage at each point within the specified range. Programme two: The sensitivity relationship between active power variation and voltage variation of each access point is studied, according to the voltage data obtained from each access point, Then, according to the specified voltage control target, the active power of the injected access point is adjusted by the sensitivity value from large to small, so that the voltage of each point is within the specified range. 3. Analysis of experimental results A simulation platform is built and verified by simulation. According to the proposed scheme can be expected to effectively solve the problem of voltage over-limit .Under certain conditions, only the most sensitive injection power can be adjusted to meet the conditions. 4. Conclusion The following conclusions are obtained by simulation experiment: (1).The farther the access position of the distributed PV system is from the initial end, the more obvious the increase of the voltage is. (2). For a point on the line, if this point and the sum of all PV output after this point is greater than that point and the sum of all load power behind that point, the voltage of this point will be increased. The scheme proposed in this paper is simple, fast adjustment and the effect is ideal, can quickly deal with grid voltage beyond limits to make the grid resume stable operation.

     

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