Abstract: Air source heat pump is a heating equipment that using air as heat collection source and refrigerant as energy transfer medium. And the heating power is affected by many factors, which is complex and difficult to predict. In this paper, the heat demand characteristics of heat pump working room, the energy dissipation characteristics and the heat transformation are analyzed. A heat-demand model of the room heat pump is established and the prediction of the model parameter is achieved basing on the room temperature, outside temperature and the state of the room. Further, the prediction network structure is built and the BP neural network is used to predict the heating load of the room air source heat pump according to the room heat demand model.