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核电汽轮机导管螺栓大范围损坏原因分析及解决方案

The fault analysis and solution of nuclear power turbine cross-over pipe bolts wide-ranging damage

  • 摘要: 摘 要:某核电厂汽轮机低压缸导汽管螺栓每次拆卸时都全部螺栓螺母咬死,并不得不气割割除。本文从螺栓螺母的材料及力学性能、螺栓预载荷和扭紧力矩、螺栓紧固方式等方面展开分析,结合有限元分析和扭紧力矩系数测试结果,确定螺栓咬死的根本原因为:在采用带有反作用力臂的液压扳手紧固螺栓时,当扭紧力矩达到一定程度后致使个别螺牙的局部区域应力超过材料的屈服强度产生塑性变形。据此本文提出了相应的解决方案,实施后再未出现螺栓咬死现象。本文中的研究可为解决核电厂中各种紧固件咬死问题提供借鉴。 关键词:螺栓咬死;扭紧力矩;紧固方式;横向偏载力;应力超标;扭紧力矩系数

     

    Abstract: Abstract: All the bolts & nuts of turbine low pressure cylinder cross-over pipe being seizure during every time dismantling in a nuclear power station, then have to cut off. This paper raise a extensive analysis including bolts & nuts material and mechanical performance, bolt preload and torque, bolt tightness manner, combine with FEA and torque coefficient practise test, the root cause of bolts seizure is that during tightening bolts with hydraulic wrench with a reaction arm, some thread teeth local area stress beyond the material yield strength when the torque reach some extent, then resulting to plastic deformation. The bolts & nut never seizure again after implementing the solution that presented in this paper. The research described in this paper have some reference meaning for solving various fasteners seizure problem in nuclear power station. Key words: bolts seizure; torque; tightening manner; lateral offset force; excessive stress; torque coefficient

     

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