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最新刊期
卷 47 ， 期 2 ， 2023
- 摘要：Power system planning for carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality goals needs to make decisions on system development with the coupling of numerous new security challenges and low-carbon technologies. The roles of various low-carbon technologies in the low-carbon transition of the power system are unclear and cannot be quantified. In this context, it is critical for planners to further understand the reasons why the planning model gives the planning scheme and to clarify the benefits it brings, rather than only providing the optimal planning solution. This paper introduces the concept of quantitative attribution to the field of power system planning, and a quantitative attribution method based on path integral is proposed to analyze the potential benefits brought by various devices. The method is applied to the quantitative attribution analysis of the planning results for the Garver-6 bus test system and Northwest China power system for carbon neutrality goals, where the results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.关键词：carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality;quantitative attribution;power system planning;energy storage;renewable energy2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：The traditional low-carbon economic dispatch only considers the issues of carbon emission sources, but does not consider the problems of carbon emission destinations. Therefore, based on the collaborative operation mode of carbon capture and power to gas (P2G), while considering the carbon emission source and carbon emission destination at the same time, the concept of free carbon dioxide concentration (FCDC) is proposed. Because of the differences of carbon sinks in different ecological and geographical environments, considering the effects of atmospheric diffusion and ground vegetation carbon sink for carbon dioxide emissions, a FCDC distribution model is constructed. Then, the minimum average FCDC and the minimum total operating cost are used as the objective function to establish the optimal low-carbon economic dispatch model with carbon capture-P2G collaborative operation. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed collaborative optimal dispatch model is verified by case simulation, which can reduce the carbon emissions while ensuring the economic benefits.关键词：carbon emission;carbon capture;free carbon dioxide concentration;carbon sink;low-carbon economic dispatch2|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
Power Energy Transition for Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality
- 摘要：In the background of the new power system, a large number of small-scale microgrids will inevitably be integrated into the distribution network at multiple points, and the cooperative optimization operation of the distribution network and multiple microgrids faces difficulties such as high dimensionality of decision variables, complex optimization objectives of multiple subjects, and strong randomness of single small subject access interaction. This paper proposes a self-organized cooperative regulation strategy for the microgrid-distribution network (MG-DN) based on stochastic evolutionary dynamics. It aims to improve the spontaneous evolutionary optimization ability of the multiple benefit subjects and the anti-interference ability of single small entities with random access. First, a multi-dimensional resource regulation model based on the public goods price response for the multi-MG-DN system is established to reduce the dimensionality of variables for multi-subject optimization. Then, a self-organized evolution strategy based on the stochastic evolutionary stability criterion is proposed. The multi-optimization objective is transformed into a two-dimensional objective of “cooperation and non-cooperation” through an evolutionary utility function under the binomial distribution of multiple benefit subjects. And the spontaneous coordinated operation capability is obtained by the evolutionary dynamics process taking into account the stochastic fluctuation forces to effectively cope with the infulence of stochastic characteristics of the single small microgrid. Finally, the modified IEEE 37-bus system is simulated. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified through multi-algorithm comparison experiments in multiple typical scenarios.关键词：multi-microgrid-distribution network regulation;multiple benefit subjects;stochastic evolutionary dynamics;self-organized regulation;spontaneous optimization2|3|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：The microgrid clusters based on flexible back-to-back converter (BTBC) interconnection can realize the power decoupling control between different microgrids. The power interaction between microgrids is more flexible than that based on impedance interconnection. However, the power control strategy for BTBC interconnection under disturbance and its influence on system stability are still unclear. This paper establishes a full-order small disturbance model of interconnected microgrids based on BTBC. The links related to stability in the low frequency band are obtained through participation factor analysis. And the dominant modes related to power interaction are obtained. The influence of interconnected power control on system stability is analyzed. On this basis, an active power exchange control strategy of flexible interconnected microgrids is proposed to reduce the impact of disturbance on the local stability of microgrids. The small-signal stability of the system with this strategy is analyzed by using the root locus. And the effectiveness of the strategy is verified by simulation platform.关键词：flexible interconnection;microgrid cluster;back-to-back converter;power interactive control;stability2|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Aiming at the problem that the fluctuations and randomness of active power for photovoltaic clusters will significantly affect the safe and stable operation of the power system, based on the hierarchical control theory of large systems, the hierarchical prediction control strategy of active power for photovoltaic clusters is proposed. The strategy is divided into three levels in the spatial scale. At the day-ahead cluster tracking layer,with the goal to track the recent scheduling plan, a scheduling plan tracking model of the photovoltaic cluster is established, and the optimized scheduling plan is sent to the sub-cluster layer. At the sub-cluster layer, coordinated optimization allocation model is established, and at the same time, the control command issued by the cluster is reasonably assigned to each sub-cluster, and the optimized output value of the internal power station of the sub-cluster is given. At the real-time power station control layer, the actual power control model of the power station is established, and based on the operation conditions and received optimized output values, this model adaptively adopts the maximum output mode or following mode for operation. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the photovoltaic accommodation in the target area on the premise of ensuring the security and stability of the system, and make the active power of photovoltaic power stations more stable.关键词：photovoltaic cluster;combination prediction;multiple temporal-spatial scales;hierarchical control;coordination optimization3|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Insufficient flexibility of power system and transmission congestion are two fundamental reasons for wind power curtailment, and they have a certain coupling relationship in time sequence. From the perspective of time-sharing reuse of energy storage, this paper uses the coupling relationship between wind power curtailment events to solve the problem of insufficient peak shaving and transmission congestion at the same time by configuring energy storage, and proposes a joint source-storage-grid planning method considering the coupling relationship of wind power curtailment events. Firstly, the generation mechanism of wind power curtailment due to insufficient peak regulation, blocking wind power curtailment and their coupling relationship are analyzed. Then, the influence of energy storage configuration on the installed capacity planning of source-side conventional units and the configuration of grid-side transmission capacity is analyzed. Secondly, this paper constructs a joint source-storage-grid planning model considering the conventional thermal power installation investment cost, energy storage investment cost, wind power curtailment penalty cost and transmission line expansion cost, and gives the solving process of the model. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified by the simulation of the transmission engineering system of a local power grid in Northeast China and Garver-6 node system.关键词：peak shaving;transmission congestion;wind power curtailment;energy storage;joint source-storage-grid planning;power system flexibility2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：In order to compensate the decreasing frequency stability control resource caused by the large-scale integration of the renewable energy in the power system, a chance-constrained optimal configuration scheme considering the time-of-use price and the maximum transient frequency deviation (MTFD) is proposed for the energy storage system (ESS). Firstly, an extended system frequency response model is established to estimate the frequency dynamic response characteristics under the predefined contingency, from which the constraints of MTFD are extracted by the max-affine function based piecewise linearization method. Secondly, taking into account the uncertainty of contingencies, a chance-constrained optimization model is built to optimize the capacity of the ESS, with the objective of minimizing the investment cost and maximizing the peak-valley arbitrage income. Thirdly, the linear weighted method and the Monte Carlo- and nonlinear decreasing inertia weight-based particle swarm optimization algorithm are used to attain the optimal capacity of the ESS. Finally, a case study is carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.关键词：frequency stability;frequency regulation capability;energy storage system;chance-constrained optimization;time-of-use price6|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：As an important demand response resource, the air conditioning load can adjust the active load in real time and participate in the frequency regulation of power systems. The traditional temperature set-point control method assumes that the temperature set-point of the air conditioner is continuously adjustable, which ignores the minimum stepsize of temperature adjustment (MSoTA) of the air conditioner. Since the MSoTA of most air conditioners is 1 ℃, a control strategy of the air conditioning load based on temperature set-point adjustment probability (TSPAP) is proposed, which makes the aggregate power of the air conditioning load cluster continuously adjustable, so as to better participate in the frequency regulation of power systems. The proposed method uses the framework of two-layer broadcasting control to divide the air conditioning loads into six independent states, and the power regulation demand is modulated into TSPAP according to different states. TSPAP is sent to each decentralized controller as a global control signal, and is demodulated to the temperature set-point adjustment signal of ±1 ℃, which is sent to each air conditioner. The simulation results show that the proposed method can continuously adjust the aggregate power of a large number of air conditioning loads under the condition that the MSoTA of a single air conditioner is 1 ℃, so as to obtain better results in the primary and secondary frequency regulation.关键词：air conditioning load;minimum stepsize of temperature adjustment;temperature set-point adjustment probability;frequency regulation;probability control2|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Aggregated baseline load (ABL) refers to the sum of all customer baseline loads (CBL) managed by the load aggregator, which is the basis for system operators and load aggregators to make compensation and settlement in incentive-based demand response. Customer clustering based estimation methods are common ABL estimation methods at present. However, the two steps of “clustering” and “estimation” are implemented separately in this kind of method, and their goals are not unified, so the estimation accuracy needs to be further improved. Therefore, an ABL estimation method based on clustering-estimation linkage is proposed. The basic idea is to take the estimation accuracy as the guidance to adjust customer clustering, and find an optimal customers clustering to achieve the highest accuracy of ABL estimation. Firstly, the first-level clustering on all customers is performed, and all customer loads in the obtained clusters are accumulated as the input of second-level clustering. Secondly, the second-level clustering is carried out, and the clustering is adjusted according to the performance of the estimation results in the validation set, so as to obtain the optimal clustering results. The proposed method is compared with the existing methods on a real data set, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the estimation accuracy of ABL关键词：demand response;baseline load;load aggregator;clustering;estimation;linkage3|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Aiming at the coordinated charging problem of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) within a large charging station, an EV charging scheduling strategy based on double deep Q network (DDQN) of deep reinforcement learning is proposed, which can effectively take into account the uncertainty of traveling pattern and charging demand of EVs and achieve the objective of minimizing the charging cost of the charging station. Firstly, characteristics of the parking time and the charging demand of EVs are extracted. Secondly, to solve the curse of dimensionality problem, a binning method and an optimal charging order strategy are proposed to control the size of the state and action space, and thus a Markov decision process (MDP) model which is applicable to the coordinated charging of large-scale EVs is established. Then, the DDQN of reinforcement learning algorithm is used to calculate the EV coordinated charging strategy. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified through a simulation example. It is verified that not only the charging cost of the charging station can be effectively reduced, but also the difficulty of model training becomes unaffected by the scale of EVs.关键词：electric vehicle;charging station;deep reinforcement learning;coordinated charging;curse of dimensionality;Markov decision process2|3|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：In recent years, electricity theft detection methods for high-loss lines have been applied in a large area of engineering, which plays an important role in reducing the false alarm rate of electricity theft detection and promoting the engineering application of data-driven electricity theft detection. However, it is still a difficult problem to accurately detect the special transformer users of non-high-loss lines. Based on the characteristic that some users who steal electricity have abnormal power consumption peaks in the practical experience, a method of identifying users with electricity theft actions based on long short-term memory (LSTM) autoencoder (AE) with load peak features is proposed. First, the peak characteristics of power consumption that distinguish normal users and users with electricity theft actions are extracted by analyzing the curves of typical users with electricity theft actions. Then, the LSTM-AE model is constructed to reconstruct the input and obtain the fitting value by combining this feature and the periodic law of user time-sharing data. The adaptive threshold is set based on the mean square error between the fitting value and the real value, so as to identify the suspected users of electricity theft and provide specific warning peak time. Finally, an example is used to analyze the actual power consumption data of special transformer users. The results show that the proposed method is superior to the comparison method in terms of accuracy, hit rate and false alarm rate.关键词：electricity theft;long short-term memory (LSTM);neural network;autoencoder;power consumption characteristics;anomaly detection2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
Basic Research
- 摘要：Aiming at the problem that the fault diagnosis methods for photovoltaic (PV) arrays based on traditional machine learning algorithms need a large number of training sets, a CatBoost algorithm based fault diagnosis method is proposed to achieve the accurate diagnosis of different degrees of faults in small-scale training sets. The equivalent circuit model of PV modules is presented. Different degrees of PV array faults including short circuit, open circuit, aging and partial shading are considered. Changing characteristics of the I-V characteristic curves of a PV array including bypass diodes and blocking diodes are analyzed. Characteristics are built to reflect different fault characteristics and selected as the input vector of the fault diagnosis method for PV arrays. The CatBoost algorithm is used to train the small-scale training set, and the CatBoost algorithm based fault diagnosis model is established. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation and experimental analysis are carried out, respectively. The proposed method is compared with traditional neural network algorithms and other decision tree algorithms to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed method in the small-scale training sets.关键词：photovoltaic array faults;fault diagnosis;artificial intelligence;CatBoost algorithm;small-scale training set2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
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Key Method of Wiring Diagram Recognition with Artificial Intelligence for Power Plant and Substation
摘要：Vectorized wiring diagrams for power plants and substations need to be manually drawn and imported by dispatching operation and maintenance personnel with reference to design drawings, which is labor-intensive and error-prone. Aiming at the three core recognition problems, i.e., graphic element, text and wiring relationship of the wiring diagram for power plants and substations, a complete method of wiring diagram recognition for power plants and substations based on artificial intelligence is proposed to significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of recognition. Through the combination of overlapping sliding window mechanism of hierarchical preprocessing and YOLOv4 algorithm, the problem of “large image and small graphic element detection” of the wiring diagram recognition for power plants and substations is solved. Through the combination of transfer learning and convolutional recurrent neural network, the recognition rate of Chinese electrical texts is improved. Embedded with the electrical domain knowledge and rules, the accuracy of wiring recognition is improved. Finally, according to the obtained electrical component information, text information, connection line information, other downstream tasks are completed. Using the data set of grid wiring diagram derived from the actual dispatching system, the comparison experiments of graphic element, text and wiring recognition are designed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.关键词：wiring diagram of power plant and substation;graphic element recognition;text recognition;wiring recognition;transfer learning;knowledge fusion;artificial intelligence2|2|0更新时间：2025-06-16 - 摘要：In view of the voltage characteristic changes brought by the renewable energy integration and the fine-grained need for low-voltage topological relationship identification, a user link identification model based on graph signal processing (GSP) is proposed. The identification model uses the voltage similarity between adjacent nodes to represent the smoothness of the graph signal. The constraints of node current law on network structure are combined to overcome the influence of the in-phase user voltage similarity deterioration caused by renewable energy integration. The inherent link properties of the graph structure are used to realize the identification of the low-voltage topology down to the upstream and downstream connections between users. Finally, the simulation model based on real user data is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The performance of the proposed methods in different scenarios is discussed, and the proposed method is compared with existing identification methods. The example shows that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed method can effectively identify the user link relationship, and has better robustness to the penetration rate of renewable energy integration and data error rate.关键词：renewable energy integration;low-voltage distribution network;graph signal processing (GSP);low-voltage topology identification;user link identification2|2|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：With the wide application of information communication technology in the power industrial control system, the risk of power industrial control system being attacked by network is increasing. The information transmission and interaction of the power industrial control system is carried by the flow data of the communication protocol. The application layer message of the industrial data has the risk of being stolen and tampered in the transmission process. Taking IEC 60870-5-104 protocol as an example, this paper proposes a protocol characteristics based method to detect the abnormal behavior of power industrial control flow on the basis of its vulnerability analysis. Firstly, the application layer message of power industrial control flow is extracted and analyzed, and the normal behavior model of power industrial control flow is established based on the message field characteristics and typical power business characteristics. Secondly, according to the normal behavior model, single field anomaly verification, multiple field coupling logic verification, frame to frame timing logic verification, and frame to frame context exception verification are performed on the flow data to identify abnormal flow behaviors. Finally, based on the actual flow data set of a 220 kV substation, the simulation results show that the accuracy of the proposed method for typical abnormal behavior detection is about 99.98%, which can effectively identify the abnormal flow behavior of power industrial control system and improve the security of power system.关键词：electric power industrial control network;IEC 60870-5-104 protocol;field feature;business feature;abnormal flow behavior detection2|2|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：The distributed cooperative control of DC microgrid is more flexible than the traditional centralized control, but distributed control architecture makes it more vulnerable to network attacks. As a common form of network attack, the false data injection (FDI) attack can change the operation state of the system and even destroy the stability of the microgrid. Therefore, this paper studies the current distribution and voltage recovery of DC microgrid under a class of unbounded FDI attacks, and proposes a control method integrating FDI attack detection and system recovery. First, a residual evaluation function based on the total output current and bus voltage feedback is designed, and FDI attack detection is realized by monitoring the relationship between the function value and the set threshold value in real time. On this basis, a resilient control strategy of current distribution and voltage recovery in DC microgrid based on the decentralized sliding mode observer is proposed to resist and eliminate the impact of FDI attacks. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by a simulation case关键词：DC microgrid;false data injection attack;distributed cooperative control;sliding mode observer;attack detection;resilient control;system recovery2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：With the increasing penetration of renewable energy resources in the power system, the frequency regulation requirements of the power grid and thermal power units are getting higher and higher. Energy storage can relieve the pressure on frequency regulation of the power grid and unit, but there are no effective methods to evaluate the frequency regulation process of energy storage. A comprehensive performance evaluation method for combined thermal-energy storage frequency regulation based on improved weight factors is proposed. To ensure the objectivity and rationality of the distribution of weight factors, the frequency regulation performance index system is reconstructed, and the subjectivity problem of experts is fundamentally solved by introducing the relation analysis and the entropy weight method. The fuzzy judgment matrix is constructed by using the method of adapting fuzzy method to time scales, and the quality of regulation process is comprehensively evaluated by criteria of the principal component analysis. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively judge the adjustment performance of frequency regulation with different time scales, and help energy storage system establish auxiliary compensation standards to participate in the frequency regulation of the power system.关键词：energy storage;frequency regulation;performance index;weight factor;fuzzy evaluation2|2|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：In a resonant grounded system, the accurate measurement of the system capacitance current is the basis of grounding fault arc suppression and protection. Therefore, the error analysis of the measurement method is very important. Aiming at the method of measuring the capacitance current of the resonant grounded system based on the transient information after the arc extinction, this paper studies the main factors including the current of the arc-suppression coil and the main resonant frequency after the arc extinction of the transient process which influence the measuring method, and analyzes the measurement error of the main resonant frequency via the graphical method of bivariate linear optimization, which is used to verify whether the measurement result of the system capacitance current meets the requirements of relevant standards and regulations. The results show that, considering the size of the resonant grounded system and on-site operation situation, the allowed measurement error of the main resonant frequency is recommended to take 0.100 Hz uniformly. The effectiveness of the error analysis method is verified through modeling simulation, and the method is also suitable for different system detuning degrees and different transition resistances, which has strong portability.关键词：resonant grounding system;system capacitance current;grounding fault;main resonant frequency;measurement error2|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
Application Research
- 摘要：Matiari-Lahore DC transmission project has become the backbone transmission channel of the power grid of Pakistan. To help maintain stability after grid fault or non-fault splitting, Matiari-Lahore DC project is equipped with a frequency controller. Based on the analysis of stability characteristics of power grid of Pakistan, this paper proposes a design method of frequency controller based on the combination of simulation and measurement. It is proposed that the frequency controller should be designed according to the actual stability demand of the power grid and considering the carrying capacity of the power grid at the sending and receiving ends. The design method of operation threshold of frequency controller, the determination principle of modulation limit and the exit principle of controller are summarized. The operation characteristics of the frequency controller in the actual power grid splitting event are analyzed. The technical basis and design principle of supplementary control for DC transmission are proposed. It is emphasized that the DC supplementary control should comprehensively consider the stability control requirements of AC power grid and the actual grid characteristics, and be customizedly designed, so as to provide reference for the subsequent coordinated development of AC and DC power grids.关键词：hybrid AC/DC power grid;frequency controller;DC transmission control and protection;DC supplementary controller2|0|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Due to the heavy workload and high repeatability of power adjustment for key transmission cross-sections of complex bulk power grids, the computational speed is difficult to meet the requirements of online assistant decision-making. Based on the deep learning theory, a method is proposed to perform feature self-learning on the cross-section power adjustment data to realize the fast automatic adjustment of the cross-section power of bulk power grids. First, the reverse equivalent matching method is used to simulate the manual adjustment operation, and the massive data set required by deep learning is constructed. Then, under the constraints of unit sensitivity and adjustment amount, the effective set of units participating in the power adjustment in the complex bulk power grid is selected. On this basis, an optimal regression model is built with the determination coefficient as the index to accurately predict the output value of the adjusting unit, thereby realizing the fast automatic adjustment of the cross-section power. Finally, the proposed method is validated by taking the inter-provincial cross-section power adjustment in a practical regional bulk power grid in China an example. Simulation results show that the determination coefficient of the optimal model and the success rate of the cross-section power adjustment are both relatively ideal, which greatly shortens the cross-section power adjustment time, and the adjustment efficiency is not affected by the system operation mode and the difference between the actual cross-section power and the target power.关键词：bulk power grid;cross-section power;reverse equivalent matching method;automatic adjustment;deep learning2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
- 摘要：Coastal industrial parks have a large amount of steam demand, and there are problems of low energy utilization and serious wind power waste. To this end, taking a coastal industrial park close to the grid integration point of offshore wind power in Jiangsu Province, China as the research object, an optimal dispatch method for the integrated energy system considering the energy grade conversion of high-temperature steam heat pumps is proposed. First, an energy grade conversion model for high-temperature steam heat pumps is built to achieve the electrothermal coupling and energy cascade utilization. Then, a wind power accommodation strategy with high-temperature steam heat pumps is proposed to promote the wind power accommodation in the system. Finally, considering prediction errors for the wind power output, a stochastic optimal dispatch model of the integrated energy system is established with the minimum total operating cost as the objective function. The simulation results show that the proposed dispatch method effectively promotes the accommodation of offshore wind power, and can meet the steam load demand of the industrial park while decoupling the “heat-based power” operation constraints of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) units. Meanwhile, the proposed method improves the energy utilization efficiency, has good social and economic benefits, and can effectively guarantee the reliability of system operation.关键词：integrated energy system;high-temperature steam heat pump;wind power accommodation;cascade utilization;stochastic optimization;economic dispatch2|1|0更新时间：2025-06-16
Engineering Application
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